Retrofitting refers to changing the system or structure of a building after it has been initially constructed and occupied. Retrofit renovations have the potential to enhance hospital building functionality while also enhancing the amenities available to patients and care providers.

Biophilic design aims to reconnect people with nature in modern spaces and It builds on the idea that humans have evolved in close connection with the natural world and this bond still plays a key role in human physical and mental well-being.

The healthcare sector shows the third-highest energy consumption in the tertiary sector, with offices and commercial buildings of education and hospitality. It is extremely important for a hospital’s architectural design to optimize its energy performance.